Tracking passengers on cruise ships

ABSTRACT

Systems and procedures for tracking the locations of passengers on a vessel are provided. Example systems may include a portable tag configured to be assigned to a passenger, the tag encoded with a tag identifier; a plurality of tag readers configured to be positioned at predetermined locations on a vessel, each tag reader configured to read the tag identifier of the tag when the tag reader receives a signal from the tag; a tracking component configured to communicate with the tag readers, the tracking component configured to receive, from a detecting tag reader, an indication that the signal has been received from the tag, the tracking component configured to determine a detected location of the tag based at least in part on the predetermined location of the detecting tag reader; and a notification component configured to send towards a user device, a notification including the detected location.

This Application claims benefit as a continuation of U.S. applicationSer. No. 12/617,207, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,514,069.

BACKGROUND

Modern cruise ships are often of great size, containing many rooms,facilities, entertainment areas, deck spaces, etc. which are open topassengers. Because these ships are so large, it may be easy for personstraveling in a group to lose track of one another. Once separated,passengers may need to search a large space in order to locate theircompanions. This may be inconvenient or impractical. In addition, oftenfamilies with children may be traveling together on a cruise ship. Insuch cases, parents of the children may wish to remain informed of theirchildren's whereabouts, while also allowing them to enjoy the ship'sentertainments freely. However, it may be difficult for parents tolocate their children once they are separated, as the common areasavailable on the ship may be extensive. Example embodiments of thepresent invention may address such concerns, for example, providingsystems and processes for tracking individuals as they move about cruiseships, or other vessels or facilities.

SUMMARY

Example embodiments may provide a system for tracking the locations ofpassengers on a vessel, which may include a portable tag configured tobe assigned to a passenger, the tag encoded with a tag identifier; aplurality of tag readers configured to be positioned at predeterminedlocations on a vessel, each tag reader configured to read the tagidentifier of the tag when the tag reader receives a signal from thetag; a tracking component configured to communicate with the tagreaders, the tracking component configured to receive, from a detectingtag reader, an indication that the signal has been received from thetag, the tracking component configured to determine a detected locationof the tag based at least in part on the predetermined location of thedetecting tag reader; and a notification component configured to sendtowards a user device, a notification including the detected location.

In some example embodiments, the tracking component may be furtherconfigured to determine the detected location based the detecting tagreader's power. And in some example embodiments, the tracking componentmay be further configured to determine the detected location based on adetected signal strength.

In some example embodiments, the tracking component may be furtherconfigured to determine the detected location based on a physicalproperty of the vessel in an area near the detecting tag reader.

In some example embodiments, the notification may identify one of a roomand a location on a deck.

In some example embodiments, the user device may be a wireless device.In example embodiments, the notification may be a text message. And insome example embodiments, the user device may be configured to displaythe detected location on a map of the vessel.

Some example embodiments may also include a user kiosk configured tocommunicate with the tracking system, the user kiosk configured todisplay the detected location, responsive to a user request.

In some example embodiments, the kiosk may be further configured todisplay a map of the vessel; and the kiosk may be further configured todisplay the detected location on the map.

In some example embodiments, the indication may include one of a time, adirection, a signal strength, and rate of change.

In some example embodiments, a tag reader in the plurality of tagreaders may be configured with a first and second operating mode; thefirst operating mode may be used when the vessel is at least apredetermined distance from land; and the second operating mode may beused when the vessel is less than the predetermined distance from land.

In some example embodiments, the tag reader may be configured to operateat a first power level in the first operating mode and the tag reader isconfigured to operate at a second power level in the second operatingmode.

In some example embodiments, the tag may include one of a wrist band, aroom key, a beach tag, a smart card, a watch, and a wallet card.

In some example embodiments, the tag may be an RFID tag.

In some example embodiments, the tag may be configured to operate on aplurality of frequencies; a first tag reader in the plurality of tagreaders may be configured to operate on a first frequency; and a secondtag reader in the plurality of tag readers may be configured to operateon a second frequency.

In some example embodiments, the tag may be configured to operate on aplurality of frequencies; a first tag reader in the plurality of tagreaders may be configured to operate on a first frequency; a second tagreader in the plurality of tag readers may be configured to operate on asecond frequency; and a third tag reader in the plurality of tag readersmay be configured to operate on a third frequency.

Some example embodiments may also include a customizable display locatedon the vessel configured to display a customized message based on thedetected location.

Example embodiments may also provide a method for tracking the locationsof passengers on a vessel, which may include assigning a portable tag toa passenger, the tag encoded with a tag identifier; positioning aplurality of tag readers at predetermined locations on a vessel, eachtag reader configured to read the tag identifier of the tag when the tagreader receives a signal from the tag; detecting the tag with a firsttag reader in the plurality of tag readers; identifying a detectedlocation of the tag, responsive to detecting the tag with the first tagreader; and reporting the detected location of the tag to a user.

In some example embodiments, reporting the detected location may furtherinclude sending a text message towards one of a mobile telephone, aPersonal Communication Device, and a computer.

Some example embodiments may also include charging a per message fee toa user.

Some example embodiments may also include receiving a notification rule;where reporting the detected location of the tag may be performedaccording to the notification rule.

Some example embodiments may also include receiving a group definitionincluding a plurality of users; and reporting the detected location ofthe tag to each user in the plurality of users.

In some example embodiments, a second tag reader in the plurality of tagreaders may be configured with a first and second operating mode. Suchexample embodiments may also include enabling the first operating modewhen the vessel is at least a predetermined distance from land; andenabling the second operating mode when the vessel is less than thepredetermined distance from land. And in some example embodiments, thefirst operating mode may be automatically enabled responsive toreceiving a first Global Positioning System signal; and the secondoperating mode may be automatically enabled responsive to receiving asecond Global Positioning System signal.

In addition, some example embodiments may also include allocating vesselstaff based on the detected location. And some example embodiments mayalso include displaying a customized message based on the detectedlocation.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present invention will be more readily understood from a detaileddescription of example embodiments taken in conjunction with thefollowing figures:

FIG. 1 illustrates an example system in accordance with an exampleembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example system in accordance with an exampleembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example procedure in accordance with an exampleembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example kiosk screen in accordance with an exampleembodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLE EMBODIMENTS

Example embodiments of the present invention may provide systems andprocedures for tracking persons. In what follows, example embodimentsare described with reference to the tracking of passengers on cruiseships. However, it is to be understood that the invention itself is morebroadly applicable, and other example embodiments may be applied to thetracking of persons and objects generally, including, for example, onother kinds of vessels, in buildings, and on other properties.

Some example embodiments of the present invention may provide trackingsystems for use on vessels or in other locations. Example systems maytrack the locations of persons on the vessel using RFID tags, or othersimilar devices. Such systems may allow for the tracking of personscarrying RFID tags. For example, passengers on a cruise ship may beissued RFID tags which may be used to facilitate tracking of thatperson's location while onboard the ship. Each RFID tag may be a radiotransmitter which may be configured to communicate with RFID tag readerslocated throughout the vessel and designed to operate with the RFIDtags. It is noted that, although the application may refer to RFID tagsand RFID tag readers specifically, any other detection system may alsobe used. For example, some example embodiments may employ other wirelesstechnologies, etc.

The RFID tags used may be of any suitable design. For instance, the RFIDtags may include both an antenna and a storage device. Such tags may beconfigured to transmit the contents of the storage device to an RFID tagreader, using the antenna, when polled by the RFID tag reader.

The tags may be active, requiring a battery to function, or passive,drawing energy from an external source, e.g. the radio signal emitted bya tag reader, to provoke signal transmission. The tags may also bebattery assisted passive tags, which make use of a battery fortransmission of data, but are otherwise passive. As noted, the tags maycontain a storage device storing an identification number, and/orpossibly other information. The tags may be designed to transmit thestored information to a tag reader, when the tag is within range of thereader, and/or queried by any other applicable reader within range.

The RFID tags may operate using any reasonable frequency. In addition,the tags may operate on more than one frequency. For instance, the RFIDtags may be dual or tri-band tags, which may be designed to operate intwo or three different frequency ranges, depending on the reader withwhich it is in communication. For instance, such a tag may beconstructed so as to communicate on any of the frequencies for which itis designed.

The RFID tags may take any form convenient for persons to carry whileonboard the ship. For instance, the tags may be embedded in room/cabinkeys or key cards, smart cards, other objects shaped like a standardcredit card, wrist bands, watches, beach tags or other tags which may beaffixed to clothing, etc. For example, persons boarding the ship may bepermitted a tag of their choice, and tags may be created for differenttypes of persons. For instance, wrist band tags may be issued to smallchildren, while room key cards are issued to adults by default.

Example systems may include RFID tag readers capable of detecting andidentifying the RFID tags carried by passengers on the ship. Forinstance, RFID tag readers, capable of interfacing with the RFID tags,may be placed throughout the ship, as illustrated in FIG. 1 Asillustrated, RFID tag readers 104 may be located at predeterminedpositions throughout the vessel 100. For example, an RFID tag reader 104may be placed in each room 102 on the ship 100, or selected rooms 102.Other RFID tag readers 104 may be located at selected positions on thedeck 103 of the vessel 100, etc.

Each of the tag readers 104 may have an effective range 105, withinwhich they may be capable of detecting and communicating with tags 107.For instance, each reader 104 may be configured to periodically transmita polling signal. When a tag 107 is within range 105 of a reader 104,the tag 107 may receive the signal, and may respond by transmittingstored information to the reader 104. Each tag reader 104 may have thesame effective range 105, or the tag readers may have differenteffective ranges. For example, in some embodiments the tag readers 104may each be configured to have an effective range 105 based on the areathey are intended to cover, e.g. a large room, a small room, a largeportion of the deck, etc.

In some examples, the range 105 of the readers 104 may be individuallytuned by adjusting their power level. For instance, a reader 104 in alarge room 102 may be configured to operate at a somewhat higher powerlevel, while a reader 104 within a smaller room 102 may operate at alower power level. To provide such readers 104, the individual powerlevels of each reader 104 may be adjusted for the intended application.Some example embodiments may provide for a centralized system interface,which may be used to adjust individual power levels. In otherembodiments, the power levels of various readers 104 may be configuredby interfacing directly with the reader 104 itself.

In some examples, tag readers 104 with specific characteristics may beused for different locations or applications throughout the vessel 100.For instance, tag readers 104 operating on one frequency range may beused for locations inside the vessel 100 where, e.g., only a short rangemay be needed or desired, or where the frequency is less likely tointerfere with devices commonly used inside, while readers 104 operatingon a different range may be located on the deck 103 of the vessel 100,in order to provide a longer range. Deploying readers 104 in such amanner would, for example, allow greater tracking resolution inside theship 100, where it my be desirable to identify an individual's locationwithin single rooms 102, while providing longer range readers 104 on thedeck 103, where it may be necessary only to locate persons to a sizableportion of the deck, e.g. a fore or aft portion of the deck 103.Further, in some example embodiments, three different frequency rangesmay be used. In such embodiments, individual readers 104 may beconfigured to one or more of the frequency ranges depending on theenvironment in which the reader 104 is deployed. In such cases, the tags107 used with the tag readers 104 may be tri-band tags 107, configuredto communicate on any of the frequencies used by the readers 104. Anynumber and combination of frequencies, power levels, and other designcharacteristics may be employed.

In some example systems, the system of readers 104 may be configuredwith multiple operating modes. For example, one operating mode may allowfor the use of higher power levels, or may allow readers 104 in aparticular frequency range to be activated. Another operating mode may,however, allow only lower power levels, or may restrict the usablefrequency ranges, etc. Such operating modes may be enabled manually,e.g. through a user interface, or may be automatically selected. Forinstance, the system may be connected to a source of vessel 100 positioninformation, e.g. a Global Positioning System (GPS) or other navigationsystem, and may automatically activate one mode when the vessel 100 iswithin a predetermined distance from a shore line, e.g. 12 miles, andmay use another operating mode when it is beyond such a distance. Insuch a way, example embodiments of the present invention may ensure thatthe system complies with national laws regarding radio use andinterference, while also providing the best possible service when awayfrom shore. Of course multiple operating modes may be defined for anypossible use.

As explained above, the RFID tag readers 104 may be configured tocommunicate directly with the RFID tags 107. As noted, the readers 104may transmit a signal on a frequency which the tags 107 are configuredto use, e.g. periodically. When an RFID tag 107 is within range of thesignal it may respond to the signal by transmitting data stored on theRFID tag 107. For instance, the tag 107 may transmit an ID number storedon the tag 107, which may uniquely identify the tag 107. The reader 104may receive the ID number, or other transmitted data. In addition, thereader 104 may identify other information related to the communication.For example, the reader 104 may identify a time at which thecommunication occurred, a signal strength associated with thecommunication, the RFID tag's 107 direction of travel, etc. The readers104 may include storage devices in which such information is stored. Inaddition, the readers 104 may include communications devices forcommunicating the gathered information to a tracking system 101. Suchcommunications devices may be the same wireless communications devicesused for communicating with the RFID tags 107, or may be another device,e.g. a device using a different wireless communication path, or a wiredpath, etc. In addition, the RFID tag readers 104 may be configured torelay information between themselves. For instance, the readers 104 maycreate a wireless network over which they 104 may communicate, and overwhich they 104 may forward communications to other devices in thesystem.

As explained, example systems may also include a tracking system 101, asillustrated in FIG. 2. In some examples, the tracking system 101 mayinclude a server located on the vessel 100, which may be incommunication with the RFID tag readers 104. For example, the trackingserver 101 may include a tracking component 201 which may be configuredto receive wireless communications from the RFID tag readers 104.Alternatively, the tracking component 201 may be in communication withthe RFID tag readers 104 over a wire-based network, or other network. Asillustrated, the RFID tag readers 104 may be in direct communicationwith the tracking system 101 or may relay messages through other readers104 or relay devices.

The tracking system 101 may, for instance, include a processor 205, astorage device 203, and an I/O device 204. The tracking component 201may receive from the RFID tag readers 104 the information that eachreader 104 gathers. For instance, upon reading a tag 107, the readers104 may transmit to the tracking system 101 the ID number read, the timeat which it was read, the signal strength of the communication, adirection of travel, etc. The readers 104 may also transmit informationidentifying the reader 104 itself. The tracking system 101 may thenstore the received information, e.g. using the storage device 203, whichmay then be used to identify a location of the tag 107.

For instance, in one embodiment, each of the RFID tag readers 104 may beassociated with a location identifier. The location identifier mayeither itself be, or may be related to, a description of the location inwhich the reader 104 is found. For instance, the tracking component 201may store a name for each tag reader 104 indicating its location, e.g.,“exercise room” or “foredeck,” and may be able to access that name basedon the information received from each card reader 104. Alternatively,the readers 104 themselves may store such names and may transmit thosenames to the tracking system 104.

In other examples, the tracking component 201 may also be equipped witha map of the monitored area, for instance, the passenger areas of a ship100, or the entire ship 100, or may be configured with a coordinatesystem which may be used to encode spatial position throughout the ship100. The tracking component 201 may also be configured with thelocations of each of the RFID tag readers 104 and may be able to placethe readers 104 on the map, or coordinate system, etc. In addition, thetracking component 201 may know the range of each RFID tag reader 104,and therefore, may be able to determine the approximate location of adetected tag 107, locating that tag 107 on the map or coordinate system.

In some embodiments, the tracking component 201 may be configured togather and use additional information in identifying the location of atag 107. For example, the tag readers 104 may be configured to recordthe signal strength with which they are able to communicate with a tag107. For instance, when a tag reader 104 senses a tag 107, the tagreader 104 may record the signal strength. In such cases, the signalstrength may be used to locate the tag 107. For example, if the tag issensed concurrently by more than one reader 104, the tracking component201 may be configured to determine the location of the tag 107 based onthe relative signal strength with which the tag 107 was sensed by eachreader 104. Such a situation may occur when the ranges 105 of two ormore tag readers 104 overlap. For example, because signal strength mayvary directly with the distance between a tag reader 104 and tag 107,the tracking component 201 may interpret the signal strengths todetermine which tag reader 104 the tag 107 is closer to. Of course,because the tag readers 104 may operate with different power levels,etc., the tracking component 201 may not directly compare absolutemeasures of signal strength, but may account for the differingproperties of the tag readers 104 when calculating location. Signalstrength may be used in other situations as well. For instance, the tagreaders 104 may continue to poll tags 107, even once they areidentified, and may identify a tag's 107 signal strength during eachpoll. In such instances, the tracking component may use multiple signalstrength readings, along with times at which such readings werecollected, to identify a direction of travel of the tag 107. Forinstance, if the signal strength is growing weaker over time, the tag107 may be moving away from the tag reader 104, etc. The trackingcomponent may use any other relevant information to identify thelocation of a tag 107 as well. For instance, the tracking component maybe configured with the physical layout of the vessel 100, andaccordingly, may be aware of physical limitations on the movement ofpeople throughout the vessel 100, e.g. aware that there is only one exitfrom a room; which may be used to further narrow the possible positionof a tag 107.

Once the system has identified the location of a tag 107 it may notifyusers of the system with the location. For example, the system mayinclude a communication component 202 configured to communicate thegathered information to users. The communication component 202 may beconfigured to communicate over any suitable communication path. Forexample, the communication component 202 may be capable of sending text(e.g. SMS) messages over a mobile telephone network. In such a case, thesystem may maintain a list of mobile telephone numbers which are toreceive location messages for a particular RFID tag 107. The numbersmay, for instance, be the mobile phone numbers of the parents of a childwearing an RFID tag 107, or may the mobile phone numbers of a group offriends, etc. In addition, the devices notified need not be mobilephones, but may be any user device 208, e.g. Personal CommunicationSystems (PCS), personal computers, etc., capable of receiving a messageeither over a wireless network, or over a physical network installed onthe vessel 100. The communication component 202 may be configured toprovide location information to the user devices 106 associated with atag 107. For instance, when the tracking component 201 determines thatthe location of a tag has changed, the communications component 202 maytransmit a message to each of the user devices 106 associated with thetag 107. Such a message may, e.g., indicate the name of the personcarrying the tag 107, the new location of the person, and the time atwhich the person entered the new location, etc. In some embodiments, themessage may include information which may be used to display a map ofthe vessel 100 on the user device 106, e.g. mobile phone, PCS, computer,etc., indicating the location of the tag 107, etc.

Such communications need not occur for every location update. Rather, asdiscussed more fully below, example systems may make locationinformation available based on any number of rules or triggerconditions. Such rules and conditions may be configured either by thesystem administrator, or by users themselves. For instance, the systemmay be configured with a default notification rule, which may bepersonalized by the system's users. In addition, the system need notactively transmit location information to users. Rather, locationinformation may be provided upon user request. For example, thecommunications component 202 may also be configured to receive remotedemand messages from users of the tracking system requesting updates.For instance, the communications component 202 may receive a messagefrom a mobile phone, PCS, personal computer, kiosk, etc., requesting anupdate on a passenger's location. The tracking system 101 may thenidentify the present location of that passenger, which may be forwardedto the requesting user. In such a case, the system 101 may ensure thatthe requesting user is permitted to receive the requested location. Forinstance, the system 101 may check to ensure that the requesting device106 is on a list of registered devices 106, associated with the tag 107being tracked.

In addition, the communications need not be restricted to reporting thelocation of a tag 107, or be directed to other users of the system. Forinstance, example systems may provide information to individual wearersof a tag 107. For example, a user may request information about thelocation of a particular room on the ship 100, and the system mayrespond by providing directions from the user's current location, assensed by the system, to the requested location. In other examples, thesystem may transmit information to the wearer of a tag, notifying thewearer of events which may be beginning near the wearer's currentlocation, or in other related locations.

The system may also include other components. For instance, the systemmay be equipped with kiosks 206 located in various locations around thevessel 100, accessible to users of the system. The kiosks 206 mayinclude display devices and input devices which may allow users to learnthe location of selected persons on the vessel 100. For instance, thekiosks 206 may display a map of the vessel 100, and may also display amarker indicating the current location of a person within the vessel100. Such a kiosk 206 may be configured to display the locations of morethan one person at the same time. For example, a simple kiosk 206 screen401 is illustrated in FIG. 4. As shown, the kiosk 206 may display a map402 of the vessel 100, and may also display information about personswhose locations are being tracked 406, such as the names of the persons,the symbols representing them on the map, and other information. On themap 402, the kiosk 206 may illustrate the locations 404 of persons beingmonitored, as well as the location 403 of the kiosk 206 for reference.The kiosk 206 may also illustrate historical, or other data, such as apath 405 showing the recent movement of a person being tracked. Anyother information may be displayed on the kiosk 206 as well.

In addition, the kiosk 206 may be configured to provide locationinformation only after successful authorization. For instance, the kiosk206 may prompt each user for a user name and password, or otheridentifying information. Alternatively, the kiosk may attempt to detectan RFID tag 107 on the user. Should an RFID tag 107 be detected, thekiosk 206 may identify the user based on the tag 107 itself, and mayauthenticate the user to the system in that way. Thus in someembodiments, when a user with an RFID tag 107 approaches a kiosk 206,the kiosk 206 may respond by automatically displaying locationinformation for each of the persons that user is authorized to view,e.g. illustrating the present location of each tag 107 on a map of thevessel 100. Such kiosks 206 may provide other services as well. Forexample, kiosks 206 may provide an interface using which users mayconfigure the service, e.g. the notification rules, etc. In addition,kiosks 206 may allow users to leave messages for one another, etc.

Example system may also include other devices as well. For instance, thesystem may include displays 207 located throughout the vessel 100 whichcustomize information for persons detected wearing tags 107 nearby, e.g.displaying customized advertisements, or statistics about the locationsof passengers such as the number of persons in the gym, etc. Othersystems may include links to the vessel's 100 emergency systems 208. Forexample, in the case of an emergency, the system may be configured toprovide a display to the crew indicating the locations of all persons onthe ship.

In other example embodiments, the RFID tag readers 104 may operateself-sufficiently. That is, some or all of the tag readers 104 may beequipped with a communications component capable of communicatingdirectly with users. In such configurations, each tag reader 104 may beconfigured with a list of tags 107 and may associate the listed tags 107with user devices having access to location information as to each tag107. For instance, the tag readers 104 may have a list of tags 107 whichcontains a tag ID number. Associated with that ID number may be one ormore mobile phone numbers, IP addresses, etc. When a tag reader 104senses a tag 107 with a listed ID number come into its range 105, thetag reader 104 may use the communications component to send a message tothe associated mobile phone, or other device, indicating the location ofthe tag 107.

In still other embodiments, the tags 107 themselves may carry reportinginstructions. For instance, each tag 107 may store informationidentifying a device 106 to which location information should bereported, e.g. a mobile phone number, IP address, PCS, etc. In addition,the tag 107 may also encode other parameters, or conditions, instructingthe system how to report location information. When a reader 104 sensesa tag, in such an embodiment, it may read both the identifier and theadditional information. It 104 may then report the location of the tag107 directly to the identified device 106 according to the instructions,or it 104 may report the sensed information to a tracking system 101which may function to report the information according to theinstructions encoded on the tag 107.

As noted above, example systems may be configured to act based onconfigurable parameters or conditions. For instance, in examplesincluding a tracking system 101, the tracking system 101 may beconfigured to operate differently depending on any number ofconfigurable parameters. For instance, the tracking system may beconfigured to report the location of a tag 107 only during the day; ormay be configured to report the location to a first device 106 duringthe day and a second device 106 at night. Alternatively, the trackingsystem 101 may be configured to report only certain locations, such awhen a tag 107 enters a swimming pool area, or certain areas ofentertainment, etc. Alternatively, the tracking system 101 may beconfigured to report the location of a tag 107 only if the location is aspecified distance from another tag 107. Such parameters may beconfigured directly by the users. For example, the vessel 100 mayinclude a number of configuration terminals which may accept userconfiguration information, such as the kiosks 206 described above.Alternatively, the system may make available a web page or otherinterface which may be accessed by users. Additionally, thecommunications devices 106 used for reporting may also be used toconfigure the tracking system 101. For instance, users may send SMSmessages to the tracking system 101 requesting configuration settings orchanges. In such examples, the tracking system 101 may store theconfiguration information, which may override default system behaviors.

In some example embodiments, such configurations may include user groupdefinitions. For example, users may be able to identify a group ofindividuals, and tags 107 associated with the individuals, that are tohave access to the locations of the other individuals. For instance, afamily may identify itself to the system as a group, which may thenprovide location services to each member of the family as to all othermembers of the family. Individuals may belong to more than one group.For instance, an individual may belong to both a family group and agroup of friends. In such cases, the individual would have access to thelocation information of each person in the two groups, and the others ineach group would have access to the individual's location information aswell. Although, an arbitrary member of the family group would notnecessarily have access to location information for others in the friendgroup, etc. Users may be able to create and define groups, and configurethe groups to which they belong.

Some example embodiments may provide procedures for the tracking ofpassengers, e.g., on cruise ships 100. As illustrated in FIG. 3, such anexample embodiment may begin when passengers board a ship 100. At 301,each passenger may be issued an RFID tag 107, which may enable trackingof the individual during that person's stay on the ship. The RFID tag107 may take a form convenient for the person boarding the ship 100. Forinstance, the tags 107, as noted above, may be embedded in room/cabinkeys or key cards, other objects shaped like a standard credit card,wrist bands, watches, beach tags or other tags which may be affixed toclothing, etc.

Once assigned, a tracking system 101 may be configured with informationrelating to the assigned tags 107. For example, at 302, each tag may beassociated with a user, e.g. a user name. In addition, at 303, each tagmay be associated with a list of individuals permitted to accesslocation information for the tag 107, configure the system as to the tag107, and user devices 106 having such access. In addition, at 304, thesystem 101 may be configured with notification rules, defining how thesystem is to react to a change in the tag's 107 location, etc. In otherembodiments, each tag 107 itself may be updated to store suchinformation.

Tags 107 need not be issued to every person boarding the ship 100. Forexample, in some example embodiments, individuals may first need toenroll in a tracking program to obtain a tag 107. Such enrollment may befree, or may be made part of a fee-based service as explained more fullybelow. In addition, tags 107 may be issued at other times. For instance,in some methods, tags 107 may be issued to persons before boarding theship 100, e.g. they may be issued by mail. Alternatively, they may beissued once on the ship 100, e.g. when a person chooses to enroll in atracking program, or the tags 107 may be left in a person's room, etc.

Once a tag 107 is issued, the user may carry or wear the tag 107 whilemoving about the ship 100. During the course of moving about the ship100, the wearer may move in and out of range of various tag readers 104,which may be distributed about the ship 100 as described above. When thewearer of a tag 107 moves into range of a tag reader 104, the tag reader104 may poll the tag 107, at 305. As part of the polling process, thetag 107 may transmit to the reader 104, information stored on the tag107. As described above, the tag 107 may contain identifyinginformation, such as an ID number or the wearer's name, and possiblyother information as well. All such information may be transmitted tothe tag reader 104, which may store or otherwise process theinformation. In addition, the tag reader 104 may collect otherinformation, e.g. environmental information at the time of the poll. Forinstance, the tag reader 104 may identify a time at which the tag 107was polled. In addition, the tag reader 104 may identify a signalstrength experienced during the polling process.

Once the tag 107 has been polled, the reader 104 may process theinformation received. For instance, the reader 104 may report theinformation to a tracking system 101. As explained above, such reportingmay take place using any suitable communication path. For instance, thereader 104 may wirelessly transmit the information to the trackingsystem 101, or may transmit the information over a wired network, etc.As noted above, in some embodiments, the reader 104 may itself processand report the location information. For instance, the reader 104 maytransmit an SMS message to a mobile phone, PCS device, etc., indicatingthat a tag 107 was identified near the reader's 104 location.

In example embodiments, a tracking system 101 may receive thetransmitted information from tag readers 104 throughout the vessel 100and may record and store that information. In addition to receiving theinformation from the tag 107 itself, the tracking system 101 may alsoreceive information specific to the tag reader 104. For instance, eachtag reader 104 may be configured with an identifying ID number, or otherpiece of information, which it may transmit to the tracking system 101.This ID may be any kind of information which may be used to uniquelyidentify the reader 104. For instance, the ID may be an address used inthe communication system between the tracking system 101 and the readers104.

As explained above, the tracking system 101 may maintain a databaseassociating each reader 104 with a location. Accordingly, in an exampleprocess, after receiving information from a reader 104, the trackingsystem 101 may, identify the location associated with that reader 101.For example, the tracking system 101 may look up the location of thereader 104 in the database. Alternatively, the ID of the reader itselfmay identify the location, for example, as location coordinates. Thelocation identified by the tracking system 101 may be in the form ofcoordinates, in a coordinate system used through of the vessel, or maybe in the form of a location description, etc. For instance, a reader's104 location may be the name of a room, cabin, or other location, suchas “gym,” “video arcade,” “aft dining room,” or “starboard pool-deck.”

The tracking system 101 may then assign a current location to the tag107, at 306. For instance, the tracking system 101 may associate thelocation of a tag reader 104 with a tag 107 reported by the reader 104.Once associated, the tracking system 101 may consider this the locationof the tag 107 until another tag reader 104 identifies the tag 107.Alternatively, the tag reader 104 in the location may periodically pollthe tags 107 in the area, and if the tag 107 is not detected (andreported to the tracking system 101) the tracking system 101 maydetermine that the tag 107 location is no longer current.

The tracking system 101 may identify the location of a tag 107 using anysuitable algorithm. For instance, the tracking system 101 may useinformation received from more than one reader 104 to fix the locationof a tag 107, or may use information other than just the reader's 104location to locate the tag 107. For instance, as described above, a tag107 may be detected within the ranges of two or more readers 104 at atime. In such a case, the tracking system 101 use information receivedfrom each reader 104 to determine the location of the tag 107. In otherembodiments, additional information may be used to identify a location,e.g. signal strength, physical characteristics of the location,direction of movement, time, characteristics of the tag reader 104, etc.

Once the location of a tag 107 has been identified, the tracking system101 may, store the location information, and may determine whether thelocation of the tag 107 has changed. For example, if the tag 107 wasmost recently detected in the same location, the tracking system 101 maydetermine that the tag 107 is not moving. However, if the tag 107 wasmost recently detected in a different location, the system 101 maydetermine that the tag 107 has recently moved. In such cases, the newlocation may be stored, and identified as the current location of thetag 107.

The tracking system 101 may also report location information to users ofthe system, at 307. For example, the tracking system 101 may beconfigured with rules for each of the tags 107 in the system, which mayinstruct the tracking system 101 to perform one or more actions in givensituations. For instance, the tracking system 101 may be configured totransmit a notification indicating a location of a tag 107, when thesystem 101 identifies movement of the tag 107. For example, if thetracking system 101 determines, based on a signal received from a tagreader 104, that a tag 107 has changed location, the tracking system 101may determine that it is to take some action, e.g. notify a device 106of the new location. As explained above, the system 101 may beconfigured with information identifying a device 106 to notify withinformation about the particular tag 107, e.g. a mobile phone number orIP address. The system may then send an indication to that device 106,e.g. using an SMS text message, indicating the new location of the tag107, and possibly other information, e.g. the time at which the newlocation was detected, etc. Also as explained above, any kind ofnotification rules may be configured and the tracking system 101 neednot always notify a device 106 for every location change, or even notifythe same device 106. Rather, the tracking system 101 may be configuredwith other rules, e.g. rules which indicate that location messages areonly to be sent when a tag 107 enters a certain area. Any useful rulesmay be configured, and the conditions for action need not be based onthe particular tag 107. For instance, the tracking system 101 may beconfigured to send location messages only in response to a query, e.g.the user of a mobile phone, PCS, or other device, may send a textmessage to the tracking system 101 requesting location information abouta tag 107. In such a case, the request need not even identify the tag107 in question, as the tracking system 101 may have been configured toassociate one or more tags 107 with the mobile phone, PCS, or otherdevice. In which case, the system 101 may reply with locationinformation for the associated tags 107. Also as noted above, thetracking system 101 may not respond unless the device 106 is authorizedto receive information about the particular tag 107.

Example processes may also allow for user configuration of the trackingsystem 101. For example, an example process may begin when a userauthenticates to the tracking system 101. This may be performed in anynumber of ways. For example, the user may log onto the system 101 with ausername and password assigned to the user, using an interface providedby the system 101, e.g. a web page or a kiosk 206 interface screen.Alternatively, the user may configure the tracking system 101 from apre-approved device 106, e.g. a mobile phone, PCS, or other device,which has been identified to the system 101. The user may also beidentified by RFID tag 107. For instance, a user may approach a kiosk206 which may have an RFID tag reader 104. If the user bears an RFID tag107, the kiosk 206 may identify the user based on detection of the tag107.

Once a user is authenticated, configuration commands may be input. Forinstance, the user may define rules under which the tracking system 101is to send notifications for a given tag 107. Such rules may be setthrough an interface which may provide the user with a number ofconfiguration choices, or may be set by a text message specifying arule, etc. The configuration may apply to any tag 107 which the user isauthorized to configure. For instance, the user may be authorized tomanage five tags 107 assigned to members of the user's family. In such acase, the user may identify the tag 107 to be configured in anyreasonable way, e.g. the system may identify the tags 107 to the userbased on the names of the individuals to whom the tags 107 are assignedallowing the user to choose a tag 107 to configured, or the user mayconfigure all manageable tags 107 at once.

The user may input other information as well. For instance, if the useris the bearer of a tag 107, or otherwise authorized to manage it, thatuser may configure the tracking system 101 to allow others to viewlocation information associated with the tag 107. For example, the usermay create a group of users which may be allowed to view the location ofthe tag 107. In some examples, this may simply involve adding the namesof people to a list of authorized viewers, and the tracking system 101may automatically relate the names with devices 106, tags 107, etc.,which may be associated with the newly authorized viewer. In otherexamples, the user may identify an authorized viewer in other ways. Forexample, the user may input a mobile phone number, or PCS IP address,which may receive information relating to the tag 107 holder's location,etc.

Once the system receives configuration input from a user, the system maystore that configuration, and associate the input information with a tagor tags to which it applies. For instance, the system may maintain adatabase of configuration information, which may be associated withindividual tags. Once the information is loaded and stored, the systemmay begin using the new configuration information to direct thefunctioning of the tracking system.

Some example procedures may also include charging users of the systemfor use of the tracking service. For example, some example proceduresmay include charging a user a fee to begin service, for example, a pertag 107 fee, etc., which may be required before the tracking service maybe used.

Other example embodiments may include charging users a per message fee.For example, in some example embodiments, tracking messages may betransmitted primarily by way of SMS text messages. In such embodiments,the provider of the ship's communication network may impose a permessage charge, e.g. imposed on users through a telephone billingprocess. In such cases, the tracking system service provider may arrangeto receive some or all of the per message fees charged. In other exampleembodiments, users may not be charged to use the tracking system.Rather, the tracking service may be provided free by the company runningthe cruise line. In some example embodiments the tracking service may befunded by advertising, for example, by advertisements transmitted touser devices 106, displayed on customizable displays 207, or otherwisepresented to users of the service.

In addition, some example embodiments may include providing locationinformation to crew members and taking action based on that information.For example, the tracking system 101 may provide aggregated informationabout the location of passengers. For instance, the tracking system 101may calculate and provide the total number of persons detected in eacharea, whether the number of persons is increasing or decreasing in anarea, historic information, the amount of time persons spend in an areaon average, etc. In some examples, crew may be allocated to specificportions of the vessel 100 based on such information, or other actionstaken. For instance, crew may be able to quickly determine that allpassengers have arrived at their assigned “muster stations” forinstructions prior to departing, or the location of certain plannedactivities may be changed, or special offers may be made to one or morepassengers, etc.

It will be understood that the procedures described herein may beimplemented using one or more computer programs or components. Thesecomponents may be provided as a series of computer instructions on anyconventional computer-readable medium, including RAM, ROM, flash memory,magnetic or optical disks, optical memory, or other storage media. Theinstructions may be configured to be executed by a processor, which whenexecuting the series of computer instructions performs or facilitatesthe performance of all or part of the disclosed methods and procedures.

It will further be appreciated that the above-described methods andprocedures may be provided using the systems disclosed herein, or onother types of systems. The methods and procedures, unless expresslylimited, are not intended to be read to require particular actors orsystems performing particular elements of the methods.

It will also be appreciated that the system components discussed hereinmay be provided as hardware, firmware, software or any combinationthereof. If provided as software, such software may be stored in memory,for example in RAM, ROM, flash or other non-volatile memory, etc., ormay be stored on another machine readable medium, such as magnetic oroptical media, etc. In addition such software may be preloaded, or maybe acquired and stored during functioning of a system.

In the preceding specification, the present invention has been describedwith reference to specific example embodiments thereof. It will,however, be evident that various modifications and changes may be madethereunto without departing from the broader spirit and scope of thepresent invention. The description and drawings are accordingly to beregarded in an illustrative rather than restrictive sense.

The invention claimed is:
 1. A system for tracking the locations ofpassengers on a vessel, comprising: a portable tag configured to beassigned to a passenger, the tag encoded with a tag identifier; aplurality of tag readers configured to be positioned at predeterminedlocations on a vessel, each tag reader configured to read the tagidentifier of the tag when the tag reader receives a signal from thetag; a tracking component configured to communicate with the tagreaders, the tracking component configured to receive, from a detectingtag reader, an indication that the signal has been received from thetag, the tracking component configured to determine a detected locationof the tag based at least in part on the predetermined location of thedetecting tag reader; and a notification component configured to sendtowards a user device, a notification including the detected location; atag reader in the plurality of tag readers is configured with a firstand second operating mode; the first operating mode is used when thevessel is at least a predetermined distance from land; and the secondoperating mode is used when the vessel is less than the predetermineddistance from land.
 2. The system of claim 1 wherein: the trackingcomponent is further configured to determine the detected location basedon the detecting tag reader's power.
 3. The system of claim 1 wherein:the tracking component is further configured to determine the detectedlocation based on a detected signal strength.
 4. The system of claim 2wherein: the tracking component is further configured to determine thedetected location based on a physical property of the vessel in an areanear the detecting tag reader.
 5. The system of claim 1, wherein thenotification identifies one of a room and a location on a deck.
 6. Thesystem of claim 1, wherein the user device is a wireless device.
 7. Thesystem of claim 6, wherein the notification is a text message.
 8. Thesystem of claim 6 wherein: the user device is configured to display thedetected location on a map of the vessel.
 9. The system of claim 1,further comprising: a user kiosk configured to communicate with thetracking system, the user kiosk configured to display the detectedlocation, responsive to a user request.
 10. The system of claim 9wherein: the kiosk is further configured to display a map of the vessel;and the kiosk is further configured to display the detected location onthe map.
 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the indication includes oneof a time, a direction, a signal strength, and rate of change.
 12. Thesystem of claim 1, wherein the tag reader is configured to operate at afirst power level in the first operating mode and the tag reader isconfigured to operate at a second power level in the second operatingmode.
 13. The system of claim 1, wherein the tag includes one of a wristband, a watch, a room key, a beach tag, a smart card, and a wallet card.14. The system of claim 1, wherein the tag is an RFID tag.
 15. Thesystem of claim 1 wherein: the tag is configured to operate on aplurality of frequencies; a first tag reader in the plurality of tagreaders is configured to operate on a first frequency; and a second tagreader in the plurality of tag readers is configured to operate on asecond frequency.
 16. The system of claim 1 wherein: the tag isconfigured to operate on a plurality of frequencies; a first tag readerin the plurality of tag readers is configured to operate on a firstfrequency; a second tag reader in the plurality of tag readers isconfigured to operate on a second frequency; and a third tag reader inthe plurality of tag readers is configured to operate on a thirdfrequency.
 17. The system of claim 1, further comprising: a customizabledisplay located on the vessel configured to display a customized messagebased on the detected location.
 18. A method for tracking the locationsof passengers on a vessel, comprising: assigning a portable tag to apassenger, the tag encoded with a tag identifier; positioning aplurality of tag readers at predetermined locations on a vessel, eachtag reader configured to read the tag identifier of the tag when the tagreader receives a signal from the tag; detecting the tag with a firsttag reader in the plurality of tag readers; identifying a detectedlocation of the tag, responsive to detecting the tag with the first tagreader; and reporting the detected location of the tag to a user; andwherein a second tag reader in the plurality of tag readers isconfigured with a first and second operating mode, the method furthercomprising: enabling the first operating mode when the vessel is atleast a predetermined distance from land; and enabling the secondoperating mode when the vessel is less than the predetermined distancefrom land.
 19. The method of claim 18, wherein: reporting the detectedlocation further comprises sending a text message towards one of amobile telephone, a Personal Communication Device, and a computer. 20.The method of claim 19, further comprising: charging a per message feeto a user.
 21. The method of claim 18, further comprising: receiving anotification rule; wherein reporting the detected location of the tag isperformed according to the notification rule.
 22. The method of claim18, further comprising: receiving a group definition including aplurality of users; and reporting the detected location of the tag toeach user in the plurality of users.
 23. The method of claim 18,wherein: the first operating mode is automatically enabled responsive toreceiving a first Global Positioning System signal; and the secondoperating mode is automatically enabled responsive to receiving a secondGlobal Positioning System signal.
 24. The method of claim 18, furthercomprising: allocating vessel staff based on the detected location. 25.The method of claim 18, further comprising: displaying a customizedmessage based on the detected location.